Physics

This article is about the field of science. For other uses, see Physics (disambiguation).

Various examples of physical phenomena.

Further information: Outline of physics

Physics (from Ancient Greek: φυσική (ἐπιστήμη) phusikḗ (epistḗmē) "knowledge of nature", from φύσις phúsis "nature"^[1][2][3]) is the natural science that involves the study of matter^[4] and its motionthrough space and time, along with related concepts such as energyand force.^[5] More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.^[a][6][7]

Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines, perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy.^[8] Over the last two millennia, physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry, certain branches of mathematics,

Chemistry

For other uses, see Chemistry (disambiguation).

"Chemical science" redirects here. For the Royal Society of Chemistry journal, see Chemical Science (journal).

Solutions of substances in flasks, including ammonium hydroxide andnitric acid, illuminated in different colors.

Chemistry is a branch of physical science that studies the composition, structure, properties and change of matter.^[1][2] Chemistry is chiefly concerned with atoms andmolecules and their interactions and transformations, for example, the properties of the chemical bonds formed between atoms to create chemical compounds. As such, chemistry studies the involvement of electrons and various forms of energy inphotochemical reactions, oxidation-reduction reactions, changes in phases of matter, and separation of mixtures. Preparation and properties of complex substances, such as alloys, polymers, biological molecules, and pharmaceuticalagents are considered in specialized fields of chemistry.

Chemistry is sometimes called the central science because it

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