English grammar, a pronoun and its types

·         Demonstrative Pronouns

·         Indefinite Pronouns

·         Interrogative Pronouns

·         Reflexive Pronouns

·         Intensive Pronouns

·         Personal Pronouns

·         Possessive Pronouns

·         Reciprocal Pronouns

·         Relative Pronouns

·         Source

 

In English grammar, a pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun, noun phrase, or noun clause. The pronoun is one of the traditional parts of speech. A pronoun can function as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence.

Unlike nouns, pronouns rarely allow modification. Pronouns are a closed word class in English: new members rarely enter the language. To understand how to recognize and correctly use pronouns, it can be helpful to review the types of pronouns that exist in English.

Demonstrative Pronouns

A demonstrative pronoun points to a particular noun or to the noun it replaces. "These pronouns

A verb is the part of speech / A Verb and its types

A verb is the part of speech (or word class) that describes an action or occurrence or indicates a state of being. Verbs and verb phrases usually function as predicates. Verbs can display differences in tense, mood, aspect, number, person, and voice.

There are two main classes of verbs: lexical verbs (also known as main verbs), which aren't dependent on other verbs, and auxiliary verbs (also called helping verbs). As with lexical versus auxiliary verbs, many types of verbs come in opposites, as explained below.

Lexical vs. Auxiliary

Lexical verbs—also called full verbs—convey the semantic (or lexical) meaning 

Distinguishing Between Adverbs and Adjectives / english grammar

Distinguishing Between Adverbs and Adjectives

Sometimes the same word can be both an adjective and an adverb. To distinguish between them, it is important to look at the context of the word and its function in a sentence. 

For instance, in the sentence, "The fast train from London to Cardiff leaves at 3 o'clock," the word fast modifies and comes before a noun, train, and is, therefore, an attributive adjective.

An adverb is a part of speech in english grammar / and adverb and its types

An adverb is a part of speech (or word class) that's primarily used to modify a verb, adjective, or other adverbs and can additionally modify prepositional phrases, subordinate clauses, and complete sentences. Put another way, adverbs are content words that provide information about how, when, or where something happens. Adverbs are also called intensifiers because they intensify the meaning of the word or words they are modifying, notes Your Dictionary.

An adverb that modifies an adjective—as in quite sad—or another adverb—as in very carelessly—appears immediately in front of the word it modifies, but one that modifies a verb is generally more flexible: It may appear before or after—as in softly sang or sang softly—or at the beginning of the sentence—Softly she sang to the baby—with the position of an adverb typically affecting the meaning of the sentence. Adverbs can modify a verb or adjective in several ways, by providing information about emphasis, manner, time, place, and frequency.

Adverbs of Emphasis

Adverbs of emphasis are used to give added force or a greater degree of certainty to

An adjective and its types / An adjective is a part of speech in english grammar

An adjective is a part of speech (or word class) that modifies a noun or a pronoun. In addition to their basic (or positive) forms (for example, big and beautiful), most adjectives have two other forms: comparative (bigger and more beautiful) and superlative (biggest and most beautiful). Adjectives often—but not always—serve as modifiers, providing additional information about another word or word group, such as a noun or noun phrase. But adjectives can also themselves act as nouns in a sentence.

Learning a few basic grammatical rules and recognizing the various types of adjectives will have you correctly using these important parts of speech in no time. Below are the main types of adjectives you are likely to encounter in English, together with accompanying explanations for each.

Absolute Adjectives

An absolute adjective—such as supreme or infinite—is an adjective with a meaning that cannot

The 9 Parts of Speech / English Grammar

The 9 Parts of Speech / English Grammar

Read about each part of speech below and get started practicing identifying each.

Noun

Nouns are a person, place, thing, or idea. They can take on a myriad of roles in a sentence, from the subject of it all to the object of an action. They are capitalized when they're the official name of something or someone, called proper nouns in these cases. Examples: pirate, Caribbean, ship, freedom, Captain Jack Sparrow.

Pronoun

Pronouns stand in for nouns in a sentence. They are more generic versions of nouns that refer only to people. Examples:​ I, you, he, she, it, ours, them, who, which, anybody, ourselves.

Verb

Verbs are action words that tell what happens in a sentence. They can also show a sentence subject's state of being (is, was). Verbs change form based on tense (present, past) and count

Attributive and Predicative Adjectives in english grammar

Attributive and Predicative Adjectives

An attributive adjective usually comes before the noun it modifies without a linking verb. For example, take this sentence from Maya Angelou's work "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings":

"In those tender mornings, the Store was full of laughing, joking, boasting, and bragging."

The word tender is an attributive adjective because it precedes and modifies the

Absolute Adjectives in English Grammar

Learning a few basic grammatical rules and recognizing the various types of adjectives will have you correctly using these important parts of speech in no time. Below are the main types of adjectives you are likely to encounter in English, together with accompanying explanations for each.

Absolute Adjectives

An absolute adjective—such as supreme or infinite—is an adjective with a meaning that cannot be intensified or compared. It is also known as an incomparable, ultimate, or absolute modifier. English Language Centres gives this example of an absolute adjective:

• He is dead.

In the sentence, the word dead is an absolute adjective. The person is either dead or he is not, says

Hitler’s Teeth Reveal Nazi Dictator’s Cause of Death

A new analysis of Adolf Hitler's teeth and bones puts to rest questions of how he died.

In a new study, French scientists analyzed fragments of Adolf Hitler’s teeth to prove that he died in 1945, after taking cyanide and shooting himself in the head. The research, published in the European Journal of Internal Medicine in May 2018, seeks to end conspiracy theories about Adolf Hitler’s death through scientific analysis of the dictator’s teeth and skull.

“Our study proves that Hitler died in 1945,” lead study author Philippe

Kidnapped Lindbergh baby found dead

The body of aviation hero Charles Lindbergh’s baby is found on May 12, 1932, more than two months after he was kidnapped from his family’s Hopewell, New Jersey, mansion. 

Lindbergh, who became the first worldwide celebrity five years earlier when he flew The Spirit of St. Louis across the Atlantic, and his wife Anne discovered a ransom note in their 20-month-old child’s empty room on

Ertugrul Ghazi / Dirilis Ertugrul,&,Curulis Usmam./ TURGUT ALP and his AXE

Ertugrul Ghazi / Dirilis Ertugrul,&,Curulis Usmam./ 

TURGUT ALP and his AXE

Turgut Alp (born circa 1200 - died 1323/4) was one of the early Gazis of the Ottoman Empire

.

 He was one of the greatest and most renowned warriors in Turkish history, a life-long friend and the blood-brother and close confidant to Ertuğrul Gazi, as well as his best follower and supporter, a very smart and capable man.

Although very little information is known about his private life, it is very well known that he is not only a historical figure but also a legendary person who appears in folk narrations.
In addition to this claim, his warrior ventures and actions are recorded in the first Ottoman chronicles and in some Byzantine sources.

He lived an unusually

MOALANA Ubaidullah Sindhi. (nationalist and political leader of the Indian independence movement.)

Ubaidullah Sindhi. (nationalist and political leader of the Indian independence movement.)

Born. March 10, 1872

Died.August 22, 1944 (aged 72)

Era. British Raj

Region. Islamic philosopher/scholar

Ubaidullah Sindhi (Sindhi: عبیداللہ سنڌي, Urdu: مولانا عبیداللہ سندھی), (March 10, 1872 - August 22, 1944) was a noted nationalist leader and a political activist of the Indian independence movement.

Born in a Uppal Khatri family of Sialkot, Ubaidullah converted to Islam early in his life and later enrolled in the Darul Uloom Deoband,

True History About Maha Raja Dahir

True History About Maha Raja Dahir

Translation of the first chapter of GM Syed, “Warrior Heros of Sindh” (‘Sindh ja Suuriya’). The translation from the original Sindhi monograph is by Gul Agha.]

1. Prologue

2. The Nature of the Conquerors

3. Arabian Penninsula before the Prophet

4. What Followed the Death of the Prophet

5. The Banu Umaya Empire

SINDH BEFORE MUHAMMAD BIN QASIM

بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم

محمد بن قاسم سے پہلے کا سندھ

“تیرہ سو سال پہلے سندھ کا اطلاق جس علاقے پر ہوتا تھا وہ بہت لمبا اور چوڑا تھا۔ اسلام سے پہلے راجا داہر کی حکومت کے زمانے میں جس ملک کو سندھ کے نام سے موسوم کرتے تھے، وہ سمت مغرب میں مکران تک، جنوب میں بحر عرب اور گجرات تک، مشرق میں موجودہ مالوہ کے وسط اور راجپوتانے تک اور شمال میں ملتان سے گزر کر جنوبی پنجاب کے اندر تک وسیع تھا اور عرب مورخین اسی سارے علاقے کو سندھ کہتے تھے۔

پھر یہ ملک اتنا قدیم ہے کہ اس کے متعلق یہ بھی نہیں بیان کیا جا سکتا کہ کب سے ہے اور اس کے نام

Power of magistrate to aqcuite accused at any stage of proccedings u/s. 249-A of Cr.P.C.

 Power of magistrate to aqcuite accused at any stage of proccedings u/s. 249-A of Cr.P.C.

PLJ 2004 SC 2

PLD 1981 SC 607

NLR 1999 PCRLJ 137

2003 YLR 274

2005 PCRLJ 252

PLD 1984 SC 428

PLD 1999 SC 1063

2000 MLD 605

1991 PCRLJ 1381

1985 SCMR 257

PLD 1991 LAH 268 

1999 MLD 1645

PLD 1999 SC 1063

2003 PCRLJ 12

PLJ 2003 AJ&K

2004 PCRLJ 1068

Locus Poenitentie U/S 121 of General Clause Act

PLD 1997 KARACHI 450

1998 SCMR 2745

2002 CLC 1464

2004 YLR 2047

2003 CLC 1196

Rape Case ACQUITTED in Compromise Acquittal of accused on no objection of victim affidavits under section 265-k 2012 Y L R 2701

Rape Case ACQUITTED in Compromise

Acquittal of accused on no objection of victim affidavits under section 265-k

2012 Y L R 2701

suit decreed against the doctor for negligence 2011 PLD 117 KARACHI-HIGH-COURT-SINDH

suit decreed against the doctor for negligence 

 

S. 1---Pakistan Medical and Dental Council Ordinance (XXXII of 1961), S. 32---Suit for compensation and damages---Death of patient due to wrongful acts, gross negligence and carelessness in professional duties of doctor s---Proof---Lady doctor after examining gallbladder of deceased not properly functioning advised for his immediate operation in her hospital through a Professor/doctor ---Such hospital was not having proper operation theatre, pre and post operation facilities, competent and

Advocate is officer of the court 2020 M L D 594

Advocate is officer of the court

Advocate is officer of the court and court expect him/her to help the court to do justice between the litigant public in accordance with law---Role of advocate is to uphold the dignity and purity of the court---Advocate is duty bound to appear before the court when it takes up the case of accused pending before it and he is not expected to

. Divorce through sms. 2015 PLD 231 LHC

.. Divorce through sms.

Ss. 22-A & 22-B- Art. 199-Constitutional petition-Divorce through telephone or sms. Ex-husband of petitioner had allegedly Divorced her orally through telephone and sms. Petitioner contracted second marriage. Respondent/uncle of ex-husband moved application before Justice of Peace alleging that petitioner had married another man

2020 YLR 619 The object behind granting a right of cross-examination can only be achieved after affording a fair opportunity to an opposite party, likely to be adversely affected, being on the receiving end in the shape of examination-in-chief from statement so recorded by the court, in all the matters

2020 YLR 619

The  object  behind  granting  a  right  of  cross-examination  can  only  be achieved  after  affording  a  fair  opportunity  to  an  opposite  party,    likely to  be  adversely  affected,  being  on  the  receiving  end  in  the  shape  of examination-in-chief  from  statement  so  recorded  by  the  court,  in  all  the matters.  To  adjudge  the  veracity,  credibility  and  trustworthiness/ truthfulness  of  the  witness  enables   the  court,  for  relying  upon,  while deciding  the  matter  before  it.  The  grant  of  a  fair  opportunity  for  cross examining  a  witness  by  the  adversary  has  its  genesis  and  roots  in  the principle  of  audi  alterm  partem  ,  duly  codified  in  the  shape

Latest citation Owners of the vehicles involved in the accident should also be charged as co-accused. 2020 P Cr. L J 451 [Sindh]

Latest citation

Owners of the vehicles involved in the accident should also be charged as co-accused.

----S. 320---Qatl-i-khata by rash or negligent driving---Criminal liability of the owner of vehicle---Scope---Owner of the vehicle involved in the accident was real brother of the absconding accused, the driver of the vehicle---Police officer conceded that the owner of vehicle involved in the road accident case is also supposed to be impleaded along with driver of the vehicle, who was charged under S. 320, P.P.C.---Investigating Officer, in the present case, had neither verified the license of the

THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE (PUNJAB AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE 2020 (VIII of 2020) An Ordinance to amend the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. [29th April, 2020]

ضابطہ دیوانی میں بہترین ترامیم۔ اب دیوانی دعوی کا ایک سال کے اندر اندر فیصلہ کرنا کوئی مشکل کام نہیں۔

THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE (PUNJAB AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE 2020

(VIII of 2020)

CONTENTS

1. Short title and commencement.

2. Substitution of section 3 of Act V of 1908.

3. Substitution of section 26 of Act V of 1908.

4. Insertion of section 27A in Act V of 1908.

5. Substitution of section 96 of Act V of 1908.

6. Amendment of section 106 of Act V of 1908.

7. Amendment of section 115 of Act V of 1908.

8. Amendment of section 128 of Act V of 1908.

9. Substitution of section 141 of Act V of 1908.

10. Insertion of section 159 in Act V of 1908.

TEXT THE  CODE  OF  CIVIL  PROCEDURE  (PUNJAB  AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE  2020 (VIII  of  2020)

 An Ordinance  to  amend  the  Code  of  Civil Procedure,  1908.

 [29th  April,  2020]

 It  is  expedient  to  amend  the  Code  of  Civil  Procedure,  1908  (V  of  1908)  to  bring procedural  reforms  for 

THE STAMP (AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE 2020 (V of 2020), Amendment in the Stamp Act, 1899 (II of 1899). [20th April, 2020]

THE STAMP (AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE 2020

(V of 2020)

CONTENTS

1. Short title, extent and commencement.

2. Amendment in the Stamp Act, 1899 (II of 1899).

TEXT

THE STAMP (AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE 2020

(V of 2020)

[20th April, 2020]

An

Ordinance to provide for reduction in certain stamp duties in the Punjab. It is expedient to reduce certain stamp duties in urban areas of the Punjab, and to provide for the ancillary matters.

Provincial Assembly of the Punjab is not in session, and Governor of the Punjab is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary to take immediate action. In exercise of the powers conferred under clause (1) of Article 128 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Governor of the Punjab is pleased to

THE PUNJAB PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (PROMOTION AND REGULATION) (AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE 2020 (VII of 2020) [22nd April, 2020]

THE PUNJAB PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (PROMOTION AND REGULATION) (AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE 2020

(VII of 2020)

CONTENTS

1. Short title and commencement.

2. Insertion of section 12D in Ordinance IV of 1984.

TEXT

THE PUNJAB PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (PROMOTION AND REGULATION) (AMENDMENT) ORDINANCE 2020

(VII of 2020)

[22nd April, 2020]

An

Ordinance 

to amend the Punjab Private Educational Institutions (Promotion and Regulation) Ordinance, 1984.

It is necessary to amend the Punjab Private Educational Institutions (Promotion and Regulation) Ordinance, 1984 (IV of 1984) for purposes hereinafter appearing.

Provincial Assembly of the Punjab is not in session and Governor of the Punjab is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary to take immediate

Most Important Question and Answer for Exam Of Judicial Magistrate and Civil Judge

01. What is the difference between F.I.R & Challan?

A. It is first information report dealt in section 154 Cr. P C. It is not a substantive piece of evidence. Its objective is to put law in motion.

B. Challan is mentioned in 173 Cr P C. When the investigation report is completed the station officer shall submit a report to magistrate to take the cognizance of the office is known as Challan. It contains 07 columns

02. What is Remand (167) difference between Judicial Custody & Police Custody

A. Procedure when investigation cannot be completed in 24 hours fixed by the section 61 Cr. P C and there are grounds for believing that the accusation or information is well founded, the officer in charge of police station or police officer making the investigation shall forth with transmit to the nearest magistrate.

B. There are two types of remands

01. Judicial remand: means accused is sent to the judicial custody or judicial lock up.

02. Physical remand: means accused is given in the custody of police for the further investigation.

Appeal was dismissed in Conviction of rape offence FIR promptly lodged DNA matched. 2020 M L D 588

Conviction of rape offence FIR promptly lodged DNA matched.

2020 M L D 588

----S. 376 ---Rape---Appreciation of evidence---Ocular and medical evidence---Corroboration---Accused was charged for committing rape with the daughter of complainant---Ocular account of the occurrence had been furnished by complainant, victim and a witness---First Information Report of the case was lodged on the same day, wherein the accused was named with specific role---Nothing was available on the record to doubt the authenticity of the FIR---Victim, at the time of incident, was wearing qameez and shalwar and having dopatta---Victim had specifically stated that accused removed her shalwar and committed rape on her---Complainant stated that when they entered the room the accused was busy in committing rape forcibly with his daughter---Victim was lying there in naked condition and blood was oozing out from the vagina---Victim stated that she raised hue and cry---Accused left her in

Latest 22 A&B Dismissal citation on civil litigation. 2020 P Cr. L J 467 [Sindh]

Latest 22 A&B Dismissal citation on civil litigation.

----S. 22-A---Ex-Officio Justice of Peace, powers of---Scope---Petitioner

had alleged in the application to Justice of Peace that his residential

house was demolished without any order of the executing court and

valuable goods were thrown away---Justice of Peace dismissed the

petition under S. 22-A, Cr.P.C.---Validity---Civil dispute over the property remained pending for over a decade and finally executing court hadpassed order whereby execution application was disposed of as satisfied---Said order of executing court was never challenged by the

Succession Act appeal allowed 2020 C L C 128

2020 C L C 128

[Chief Court Gilgit-Baltistan]

Before Malik Haq Nawaz and Ali Baig, JJ

Mst. KHALASA BEGUM----Appellant

Versus

SAMAR ABBAS through Next Friend----Respondent

C.F.A. No.53 of 2018, decided on 17th June, 2019.

Succession Act (XXXIX of 1925)---

----S. 372---Civil Procedure Code (V of 1908), O. XXI, R. 23 & Ss.2(2)(14)---Succession certificate---Execution petition---Objection petition---Execution petition was filed for implementation of succession certificate wherein objection application was moved but same was dismissed---Contention of petitioner was that succession certificate was not a decree and same was not executable---Validity---Succession certificate did not fall within the ambit of decree and it merely declared that legal heir of the deceased was entitled to recover the amount mentioned in the said certificate---Succession certificate was not capable of being executed as a decree or order of the Court---Impugned order passed by the Court below

Latest 491 Application dismissal citation made by mother.

Latest 491 Application dismissal citation made by mother.

----S. 491---Habeas corpus---Custody of minors---Scope---Applicant sought recovery of minors on the ground that about 15 to 20 days before the filing of petition respondent (father of minors) came to her house and removed the custody of minors on the pretext that he would take them to market for shopping---Respondent produced certificates issued by the Principal of school, in which minors studied, to the effect that they had been studying in the school for the last several months---Admission on the part of applicant that minors had been studying in the school where respondent resided was sufficient evidence to show