Saturday, September 24, 2016

THE SINDH EMPLOYEES’ OLD-AGE BENEFITS ACT, 2014. SINDH ACT NO. X OF 2015.

PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY O F SINDH NOTIFICATION KARACHI, THE 19TH JANUARY, 2015 NO.PAS/Legis-B-23/2014- 

The Sindh Employees’ Old-Age Benefits Bill, 2014 having been passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 10th December, 2014 and assented to by the Governor of Sindh on 12th January, 2015 is hereby published as an Act of the Legislature of Sindh. 

THE SINDH EMPLOYEES’ OLD-AGE BENEFITS ACT, 2014. SINDH ACT NO. X OF 2015. AN ACT to repeal and re-enact the law relating to old-age benefits for the persons employed in industrial, commercial and other organizations in the Province of Sindh. WHEREAS it is expedient to repeal and re-enact the law relating to old-age benefits for the persons employed in industrial, commercial and other organizations in the Province of Sindh and to provide for matters connected therewith or ancillary thereto; Preamble. It is hereby enacted as follows:-

CHAPTER – I PRELIMINARY 1. (1) This Act may be called the Sindh Employees’ Old-Age

Friday, September 23, 2016

THE SINDH SOUND SYSTEM (REGULATION) ACT, 2015. SINDH ACT NO. XXIII OF 2015.

PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY O F SINDH NOTIFICATION KARACHI, THE 18TH MAY, 2015 NO.PAS/Legis-B-14/2015- 

The Sindh Sound System (Regulation) Bill, 2015 having been passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 10th April, 2015 and assented to by the Governor of Sindh on 12th May, 2015 is hereby published as an Act of the Legislature of Sindh. 

THE SINDH SOUND SYSTEM (REGULATION) ACT, 2015. SINDH ACT NO. XXIII OF 2015. AN ACT to regulate and control use of sound systems in the Province of Sindh. 

WHEREAS it is expedient for purposes of preventing public nuisance and the voicing of utterances of a controversial nature likely to cause public disorder and to regulate, control and prohibit the use of certain sound systems in the Province of Sindh in the interest of environment, public order, decency and the prevention of incitement to terrorism or the commission of any offence and to deal with ancillary matters; Preamble. It is hereby enacted as follows:- 

1. (1) This Act may be called the Sindh Sound System (Regulation) Act 2015. (2) It shall extend to the whole of Province of Sindh. (3) It shall come into force at once. Short title, extent and commencement. 
2.In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context – (a) “Code” means the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (V of 1898); (b) “Government” means the Government of Sindh; (c) “place of worship” means a mosque, imambargah, madaris, church, temple or any other place of worship of any sect or religion; (d) “prescribed” means prescribed by the rules; (e) "public place" means a public street, a public thoroughfare, a public park or playground or any other place to which the members of the public or section of public have access with or without invitation; (f) “rules” means the rules made under this Act; (g) “sound system” means a loudspeaker, sound amplifier or such other equipment as may be prescribed; and (h) “vicinity” means an area or place within ten yards of the place where the sound system is placed. Definitions. 

THE SINDH FINANCE (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2015. SINDH ACT NO. XXV OF 2015.

PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY O F SINDH NOTIFICATION KARACHI, THE 18TH MAY, 2015 NO.PAS/Legis-B-20/2015- 
The Sindh Finance (Amendment) Bill, 2015 having been passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 04th May, 2015 and assented to by the Governor of Sindh on 16th May, 2015 is hereby published as an Act of the Legislature of Sindh. 

THE SINDH FINANCE (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2015. SINDH ACT NO. XXV OF 2015. AN ACT to further amend the Sindh Finance Act, 2014. 

WHEREAS it is expedient to amend the Sindh Finance Act, 2014 in the manner hereinafter appearing; It is hereby enacted as follows:- Preamble. 
1. (1) This Act may be called the Sindh Finance (Amendment) Act, 2015. 

THE SINDH HINDUS MARRIAGE ACT, 2016 SINDH ACT No. IX OF 2016 AN ACT

1 PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH NOTIFICATION KARACHI, THE 12TH APRIL, 2016 NO.PAS/Legis-B-05/2016-

The Sindh Hindus Marriage Bill, 2016 having been passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 15th February, 2016 and assented to by the Governor of Sindh on 07th April, 2016 is hereby published as an Act of the Legislature of Sindh. 

THE SINDH HINDUS MARRIAGE ACT, 2016 SINDH ACT No. IX OF 2016 AN ACT to provide for law relating to marriage amongst Hindus. 
Whereas the right to family is a fundamental right guaranteed by the Constitution of Pakistan; And Whereas there is a need to create a uniform mechanism for registration of Hindu marriages and for matters which are incidental or ancillary thereto. It is hereby enacted as follows: 

1. SHORT TITLE EXTENT AND COMMENCEMENT: (1)This Act may be called the Sindh Hindus Marriage Act, 2016. (2) This Act extends to all Hindus in the Province of Sindh. (3)It shall come into force at once. 2 

THE SINDH WORKERS’ COMPENSATION ACT, 2015 SINDH ACT

1 PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH NOTIFICATION KARACHI, THE 12TH APRIL, 2016 NO.PAS/Legis-B-37/2015-
The Sindh Workers’ Compensation Bill, 2015 having been passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 25th February, 2016 and assented to by the Governor of Sindh on 07th April, 2016 is hereby published as an Act of the Legislature of Sindh. 

THE SINDH WORKERS’ COMPENSATION ACT, 2015 SINDH ACT NO. VII OF 2016 AN ACT to provide for the payment by certain classes of employers to their workers or their legal heirs of compensation for injury or death by accident. 

WHEREAS it is expedient to provide for the payment by certain classes of employers to their workers or their legal heirs of compensation for injury or death by accident; Preamble. It is hereby enacted as follows:- CHAPTER-I Preliminary 1.(1) This Act may be called the Sindh Workers’ Compensation Act, 2015. (2) It shall extend to the whole of the province of the Sindh. (3) It shall come into force at once. Short title, extent and commencement. 2.(1) In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context- (a) “adult” means, for the purpose of this Act, a person who has completed eighteenth years of his age; (b) “Commissioner” means a Commissioner for Workers’ Compensation appointed under section 25; (c) “compensation” means compensation as provided for by this Act; (d) “dependent” means any of the following relatives of a deceased worker,

THE SINDH FACTORIES ACT, 2015. SINDH ACT NO. XIII OF 2016. AN ACT to consolidate and amend the law regulating labour in factories.

1 PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH NOTIFICATION KARACHI, THE 29TH APRIL, 2016. NO.PAS/Legis-B-35/2015-

The Sindh Factories Bill, 2015 having been passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 21st March, 2016 and assented to by the Governor of Sindh on 25th April, 2016 is hereby published as an Act of the Legislature of Sindh. 

THE SINDH FACTORIES ACT, 2015. SINDH ACT NO. XIII OF 2016. AN ACT to consolidate and amend the law regulating labour in factories.

WHEREAS it is expedient to consolidate and amend the law regulating labour in factories and for matters ancillary thereto; Preamble. It is hereby enacted as follows: - 
1. (1) This Act may be called the Sindh Factories Act, 2015. 
(2) It shall extend to the whole of the Sindh of Province.
(3) It shall come into force on such date as Government may notify in the official gazette. Short title, extent and commencement, 2. In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context.- (a) "adolescent" means a person who has completed his fourteenth year but has not completed his eighteenth year; (b) "adult" means a person who has completed his eighteenth year; (c) "child" means a person who has not completed the age of fourteenth year; (d) "day" means a period of twenty-four hours beginning at midnight; (e) "factory" means any premises, including the precincts thereof, whereon ten or more workers are working or were working on any day of the preceding twelve months, and in any part of which a manufacturing process is being carried on or is ordinarily carried on with or without the aid of power, but does not include a mine, subject to the operation of the Mines Act, 1923 (IV of 1923); (f) “Government” means the Government of Sindh; (g) "machinery" includes all plant whereby power is generated, transformed, transmitted or applied; (h) "manufacturing process" means any process – Definitions. 2 (i) for making, altering, repairing, ornamenting, finishing or packing, or otherwise treating any article or substance with a view to its use, sale, transport, delivery or disposal; or (ii) for pumping oil, water or sewage, or (iii) for generating, transforming or transmitting power; (i) "occupier of a factory” means the person who has ultimate control over the affairs of the factory: Provided that where the affairs of a factory are entrusted to a managing agent, such agent shall be deemed to be the occupier of the factory; (j) "power" means electric energy, and any other form of energy which is mechanically transmitted and is not generated by human or animal agency; (k) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made by the Provincial Government under this Act. (l) "week" means a period of seven days beginning at mid-night on Saturday night; (m) where work of the same kind is carried out by two or more sets of workers working during different periods of the day, each of such sets is called a "relay" and the period or periods for which it works is called a "shift"; and (n) “worker” means a person employed in any manufacturing process, or in cleaning any part of the machinery or premises used for a manufacturing process, or in any other kind of work whatsoever, incidental to or connected with the subject of the manufacturing process and includes clerical staff, but does not include occupier and manager having the hiring and firing authority; provided that no worker shall be employed through an agency or contractor or sub-contractor or middleman or agent, to perform production related work. 3. Reference to time of day in this Act are references to Standard Time which is five hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Times: Provided that for any area, in which Standard Time is ordinarily observed, Government may make rules - (i) specifying the area; (ii) defining the local mean time ordinarily observed therein, and (iii) permitting such time to be observed in all or any of the factories situated in the area. Reference to time of day.

THE SINDH SERVICE TRIBUNALS (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2016 SINDH ACT NO. XVII OF 2016 AN ACT to amend the Sindh Service Tribunals Act,1973.

PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH NOTIFICATION KARACHI, THE 11TH MAY, 2016 NO.PAS/Legis-B-03/2016-
The Sindh Service Tribunals (Amendment) Bill, 2016 having been passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 21st March, 2016 and assented to by the Governor of Sindh on 9th May, 2016 is hereby published as an Act of the Legislature of Sindh. 

THE SINDH SERVICE TRIBUNALS (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2016 SINDH ACT NO. XVII OF 2016 AN ACT to amend the Sindh Service Tribunals Act,1973. 

WHEREAS it is expedient to amend the Sindh Service Tribunals Act,1973, in the manner hereinafter appearing; It is hereby enacted as follows:- Preamble. 1. (1) This Act may be called the Sindh Service Tribunals (Amendment) Act, 2016. (2) It shall come into force at once. Short title and commencement. 2. In the Sindh Service Tribunals Act, 1973, hereinafter referred to as the said Act, in section 5-(A) – (i) for the figure brackets and alphabetic “5-(A)”, the figures and alphabetic “5-A” shall be substituted; (ii) for the word “Provincial”, the word “Principal” shall be substituted. Amendment of section 5-A of Sindh Act No.XV of 1973. 3. In the said Act, in section 5-(B), for the figure brackets and alphabetic “5-(B)”, the figures and alphabetic “5-B” shall be substituted. ______ Amendment of section 5-B of Sindh Act No.XV of 1973.  

BY ORDER OF THE SPEAKER PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH G.M.UMAR FAROOQ SECRETARY PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH

THE SINDH LOCAL GOVERNMENT (FOURTH AMENDMENT) ACT, 2016 SINDH ACT NO. XV OF 2016 AN ACT to amend the Sindh Local Government Act, 2013.

PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH NOTIFICATION KARACHI, THE 29TH APRIL, 2016 NO.PAS/Legis-B-11/2016-
The Sindh Local Government (Fourth Amendment) Bill, 2016 having been passed by the Provincial Assembly of Sindh on 27th April, 2016 and assented to by the Governor of Sindh on 28th April, 2016 is hereby published as an Act of the Legislature of Sindh. 

THE SINDH LOCAL GOVERNMENT (FOURTH AMENDMENT) ACT, 2016 SINDH ACT NO. XV OF 2016 AN ACT to amend the Sindh Local Government Act, 2013. 

WHEREAS it is expedient to amend the Sindh Local Government Act, 2013, in the manner hereinafter appearing. Preamble. It is hereby enacted as follows:- 1. (1) This Act may be called the Sindh Local Government (Fourth Amendment) Act, 2016. (2) It shall come into force at once. Short title and commencement. 2. In the Sindh Local Government Act, 2013, hereinafter referred to the said Act, section 18-A which was omitted by Sindh Act No. XXXVIII of 2015 shall stand revived. Revival of Section 18-A of Sindh Act No. XLII of 2013. 3. In the said Act, in the revived section 18-A, after the word “women” wherever appearing, the word “youth” shall be inserted. Insertion of word “Youth” in section 18- A. _______________________ 

BY ORDER OF THE SPEAKER PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH G.M.UMAR FAROOQ SECRETARY PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF SINDH

Remarks of Supreme Court of Pakistan about SPSC -



اسلام آباد (رپورٽ: اعجاز پنهور) سپريم ڪورٽ چيو آهي ته بيورو ڪريسيءَ ۾ سياسي مداخلت نه هئڻ گهرجي، بدقسمتي سان سنڌ حڪومت سپريم ڪورٽ جي فيصلي تي ڊيپوٽيشن آفيسرن کي هٽائي وري رکي ڇڏي ٿي، سنڌ پبلڪ سروس ڪميشن تحت ماڻهن تي ٻڌل آهي، جيڪي اهل ئي ناهن، اهڙا ڪم ڪريو جن جي قانون ۽ قاعدا اجازت ڏين، ڇا اسان وٽ ٻيو ڪو ڪم نه آهي جو هر چوٿين ڏينهن اوهان جو ڪيس ٻڌون؟ عدالت سنڌ حڪومت پاران ادارن جا رولز ٺاهڻ ۽ ڊيپوٽيشن آفيسر هٽائڻ جي خاطري ڪرائڻ تي سنڌ جي چيف سيڪريٽري خلاف توهين عدالت جا نوٽيس واپس وٺي ڇڏيا، صديق ميمڻ خلاف مختلف ڪيسن ۾ توهين عدالت درخواست تي ٻڌڻي جسٽس امير هاني مسلم جي سربراهي ۾ 3 رڪني بئنچ ڪئي، عدالت آڏو چيف سيڪريٽري پيش ٿيو، جسٽس امير هاني مسلم رمارڪس ڏيندي چيو ته عدالتي فيصلي تي آفيسر هٽائي ٻيهر رکڻ بدقسمتي آهي، ايڊووڪيٽ جنرل ٻڌايو ته 2 آفيسر شفقت مغل ۽ زاهد شاهه کي واپس ڪيو ويو آهي، جسٽس امير هاني مسلم چيو ته هڪ ٻه نه سوين درخواستون آهن، سيڪريٽري سروسز پنهنجي ڀائيٽي کي پي ايس مقرر ڪرايو آهي، سيڪريٽري سروسز لاءِ ته ايڊووڪيٽ جنرل چيو هو ته هو سٺو ماڻهو آهي، چيف سيڪريٽري اسان ڇو گهرايو آهي؟ ڪيترائي ڪيس آهن جن ۾ آفيسر صرف ڪاغذن ۾ هٽايا ويا آهن پر عملي طور تي اهي ڪم ڪري رهيا آهن، مختلف کاتن جي ماڻهن کي ڪيئن ٿا پي ايس مقرر ڪريو؟ اهو ته ڪو به سيڪشن آفيسر ٿي سگهي ٿو، ايڊووڪيٽ جنرل چيو ته مون کي اهو ٻڌايو ويو آهي ته سيڪشن آفيسرن جي کوٽ آهي، جسٽس امير هاني مسلم چيو ته اسان وٽ ته سنڌ پبلڪ سروس ڪميشن جي خلاف به درخواست آئي آهي ته جيڪي ماڻهو اهل ئي نه آهن انهن کي چيئرمين ۽ ميمبر مقرر ڪيو ويو آهي، اهو ڪم ڪريو جنهن جي اجازت قانون ۽ قاعدا ڏين، ڇا اسان وٽ ٻيو ڪو ڪم نه آهي جو هر چوٿين ڏينهن تي اوهان جا هي ڪيس ٻڌون؟ 30 سالن کان اوهان وٽ رولز ئي نه آهن، ان ڪري ئي اختيارن جو غلط استعمال ٿئي ٿو! ايڊووڪيٽ جنرل سنڌ چيو ته رولز جلدي ٺهي ويندا، ان تي جسٽس امير هاني مسلم چيو ته اهڙو نوٽيفڪيشن جاري ڪريو ته جيستائين سمورن ادارن جا رولز نه ٺهندا، تيستائين سنڌ سروسز رولز لاڳو رهندو، سنڌ حڪومت پاران ادارن جا رولز ٺاهڻ جي خاطري ۽ غير قانوني ڊيپوٽيشن تي مقرر آفيسرن کي هٽائي پراڻن کاتن ۾ موڪلڻ واري رپورٽ تي عدالت چيف سيڪريٽري کي مليل توهين عدالت جا نوٽيس واپس وٺي ڇڏيا، جسٽس قاضي فائز عيسيٰ چيو ته جيڪي آفيسر من پسند پوسٽون وٺن ٿا، انهيءَ سان ڪامورا شاهي جي حيثيت ڪمزور نه ٿي ٿئي؟ سياسي مداخلت تي آفيسر مخالفت نه ٿا ڪن، بيوروڪريسيءَ ۾ سياسي مداخلت نه هجڻ گهرجي.23.9.2016 kawish

Friday, July 1, 2016

AGHA RAFIQUE (R) JUSTICE, EX-CHAIRMAN OF SPSC INTERVIEW


AGHA RAFIQUE (R) JUSTICE, EX-CHAIRMAN OF SPSC INTERVIEW 
INTERVIEW WITH DAILY KAWISH HYDERABAD 1.7.2016
HE SAYS THAT SPSC IS UNDER PRESSURE OF THE POLITICAL PERSONS AND BUREAUCRATS SO IT CANT GIVE PURE RESULT TO THE COMPETENT CANDIDATES 


Wednesday, June 29, 2016

the jungle book


Speed Sisters Movie


Speed Sisters Movie

A portrait of Palestine's first all-female motor racing team, and their lives under Israeli occupation

In the unlikely event that the Palestinian people make it on to Western TV screens, it’s almost always as victims: refugees, murdered protestors, statistics in the wake of a bombing campaign. Which only makes a doc like ‘Speed Sisters’ all the more important: here’s proof that, even under occupation, life goes on for thousands of ordinary people. Not that the five women profiled here are anything like ordinary: they are the West Bank’s only all-female car racing team, tackling religious prejudice and the weight of gender expectation by driving very fast and not giving a damn what anyone thinks.

Arabica Bar & Kitchen, London
















Arabica Bar & Kitchen, London


One of London's new-wave Middle Eastern-inspired cafés but with leather banquettes, cocktails and an unhurried restaurant experience; great meze.

With its fashionable buzz and lively energy, there’s no other Levantine restaurant in London quite like Arabica. The setting at this enclave of proper Middle Eastern cooking in Borough Market is neither ‘Arabian Nights’ theme park nor brightly lit marble palace. The room has lots of bare brick and steel – it’s a Victorian arch, after all – but the lighting’s low and atmospheric.

Messi says I am not a Shahid Afridi













 
kawish 29.6.2016

Monday, April 25, 2016

List of Portuguese monarchs

List of Portuguese monarchs

"King of Portugal" redirects here. For the Al Stewart song, see Last Days of the Century.
King of Portugal and the Algarves
Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Portugal (1640-1910).png
SMF Manoel II.jpg
D. Manuel II
Details
StyleStyle of the Portuguese sovereign
First monarchD. Afonso I
Last monarchD. Manuel II
Formation25 July 1139
Abolition5 October 1910
ResidenceRoyal residences in Portugal
Pretender(s)Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza
The Monarchs of Portugal ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal, in 1139, to the deposition of the Portuguese monarchy and creation of the Portuguese Republic with the 5 October 1910 revolution.
Through the nearly 800 years which Portugal was a monarchy, the kings held various other titles and pretensions. Two Kings of Portugal, Ferdinand I and Afonso V, also claimed the crown of Castile. When the House of Habsburg came into power, the Kings of Spain, and Naples, also became Kings of Portugal. The House of Braganza brought numerous titles to the Portuguese Crown, including King of Brazil and then Emperor of Brazil.
After the demise of the Portuguese monarchy, in 1910, Portugal almost restored its monarchy in a revolution known as the Monarchy of the North, though the attempted restoration only lasted a month before destruction. With Manuel II's death, the Miguelist branch of the House of Braganza became the pretenders to the throne of Portugal. They have all been acclaimed King of Portugal by their monarchist groups.
The monarchs of Portugal all came from a single ancestor, Afonso I of Portugal, but direct lines have sometimes ended. This has led to a variety of royal houses coming to rule Portugal, though all having Portuguese royal lineage. These houses are:

Independence of Brazil

Independence of Brazil

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A painting depicting a group of uniformed men on horseback riding towards a smaller group of mounted men who have halted at the top of a small hill with the uniformed man at the front of the smaller group raising a sword high into the air
"Independence or Death!" Declaration of Brazil's independence by Prince Pedro on 7 September 1822. His Guard of Honor greets him in support while some discard blue and white armbands that represented loyalty to Portugal
The Independence of Brazil comprised a series of political and military events that occurred in 1821–1824, most of which involved disputes between Brazil and Portugal regarding the call for independence presented by the Brazilian Empire. It is celebrated onSeptember 7, the anniversary of the September 7, 1822 date regent Prince Dom Pedro declared Brazil's independence from Portugal. Formal recognition came with a treaty signed by both Brazil and Portugal in late 1825.

Background[edit]

Landing of Pedro Álvares Cabral in Brazil, 1500.
The land now called Brazil was claimed by Portugal in April 1500, on the arrival of the Portuguese fleet commanded by Pedro Álvares Cabral. The Portuguese encountered Indigenous nations divided into several tribes, most of whom shared the same Tupi-Guaraní language family, and shared and disputed the territory.
Though the first settlement was founded in 1532, colonization was effectively started in 1534, when King John III divided the territory into fifteen hereditary captaincies. This arrangement proved problematic, however, and in 1549 the king assigned a Governor-General to administer the entire colony. The Portuguese assimilated

Emperors of Brazil, Paço Imperial

Paço Imperial

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the former residence of the Emperors of Brazil also called Paço Imperial, see Paço de São Cristóvão.

Paço Imperial
PacoImperial1.jpg
Main Façade of the Paço Imperial
General information
Architectural stylePortuguese Colonial
Town or cityRio de Janeiro
CountryBrazil Brazil
Construction started1738
Design and construction
ArchitectJosé Fernandes Pinto Alpoim
The Paço Imperial (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈpasw ĩpeɾiˈaw]European Portuguese: [ˈpasw ĩpɨɾiˈaɫ]), or Imperial Palace, previously known as the Royal Palace of Rio de Janeiro and Palace of the Viceroys, is a historic building in the center of the city of Rio de JaneiroBrazil. The Paço Imperial was built in the 18th century to serve as residence for the governors of colonial Brazil. From 1808, it was used as a royal residence by King John VI of Portugal as King of Portugal and later also as King of Brazil. In 1822 it became the city palace of the monarchs of the Empire of BrazilPedro I and Pedro II, who used it not as a residence, but as a workplace. It was one of the main political centers of Brazil for nearly 150 years, from 1743 to 1889.
The Paço Imperial is located in the Praça XV in central Rio. Due to its architectural and historical significance, it is one of Brazil's most important historic buildings. Today it serves as a cultural center.

History[edit]

Origins[edit]

The current building was constructed by the order of Gomes Freire de Andrade, governor of the Capitania (colonial administrative region) of Rio de Janeiro. The architect was

Monarchy of the United Kingdom

Monarchy of the United Kingdom

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  (Redirected from King of the United Kingdom)
This article is about the monarchy of the United Kingdom. For information on the other countries which share the same person as monarch, see Commonwealth realm. For the current monarch of the United Kingdom, see Elizabeth II.
"British sovereign" redirects here. For the coin, see Sovereign (British coin).
Queen of the United Kingdom
Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (Both Realms).svg
Incumbent
Queen Elizabeth II March 2015.jpg
Elizabeth II
since 6 February 1952
Details
StyleHer Majesty
Heir apparentCharles, Prince of Wales
ResidenceList
Websitehttps://www.royal.uk/
Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (HM Government).svg
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the United Kingdom
 United Kingdom portal
The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom and itsoverseas territories. The monarch's title is "King" (male) or "Queen" (female). The current monarch and head of state, Queen Elizabeth II, ascended the throne on the death of her father, King George VI, on 6 February 1952.
The monarch and his or her immediate family undertake various official, ceremonial, diplomatic and representational duties. As the monarchy is constitutional, the monarch is limited to non-partisan functions such as bestowing honours and appointing the Prime Minister. The monarch is, by tradition, commander-in-chief of the British Armed Forces. Though the ultimate formal executive authority over the government of the United Kingdom is still by and through the monarch's royal prerogative, these powers may only be used according to laws enacted in Parliament and, in practice, within the constraints of convention and precedent.
The British monarchy traces its origins from the petty kingdoms of early medieval Scotland and Anglo-Saxon England, which consolidated into the kingdoms of England and Scotland by the 10th century AD. In 1066, the last crowned Anglo-Saxon monarch, Harold II, was defeated and killed during theNorman conquest of England and the English monarchy passed to the Normans' victorious leader, William the Conqueror, and his descendants.
In the 13th century, Wales, as a principality, became a client state of the English kingdom, while Magna Carta began a process of reducing the English monarch's political powers.
From 1603, when the Scottish monarch King James VI inherited the English throne as James I, both the English and Scottish kingdoms were ruled by a single sovereign. From 1649 to 1660, the tradition of monarchy was broken by the republican Commonwealth of England, which followed the War of the Three Kingdoms. The Act of Settlement 1701, which is still in force, excludedRoman Catholics, or those who marry Catholics, from succession to the English throne. In 1707, the kingdoms of England and Scotland were merged to create the Kingdom of Great Britain, and in 1801, the Kingdom of Irelandjoined to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The British monarch became nominal head of the vast British Empire, which covered a quarter of the world's surface at its greatest extent in 1921.
In the 1920s, five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the Union as the Irish Free State, and the Balfour

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